Project Information

Project NameTechnical Assistance Project for Strengthening the Capacity of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in the EIA Field
Contract Number2007TR16IPO001.3.06/SER/42
Project Value€ 1,099,000.00
Start DateFebruary 2017
Target End DateDecember 2017
Contracting AuthorityRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, Directorate General for EU Investments
Department Headİsmail Raci BAYER
AddressMustafa Kemal Neighborhood, Dumlupınar Boulevard No: 278, Çankaya - Ankara / TURKEY
Phone+90 312 474 03 51
Fax+90 312 474 03 52
Emailab@csb.gov.tr

Beneficiary

InstitutionRepublic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment, Permit and Inspection
ManagerMehmet Mustafa SATILMIŞ
AddressMustafa Kemal Neighborhood, Dumlupınar Boulevard No: 278, Çankaya - Ankara / TURKEY
Phone+90 312 410 10 00
Fax+90 312 419 21 92
Emailcedproje@csb.gov.tr

Consultant

CompanyNIRAS IC Sp. z o.o.
Project DirectorBartosz Wojciechowski
Project ManagerKira Kotulska-Kozlowska
Addressul. Pulawska 182, 02-670, Warsaw, Poland
Phone+48 22 395 71 16
Fax+48 22 395 71 01
Emaileiaturkey@niras.com

Assistant Project Director

Representing Rast Engineering Services Ltd., Fazıl Baştürk

Project Team Leader: Radim Misiacek

Address (Project Office): Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, Mustafa Kemal Neighborhood, Dumlupınar Boulevard No: 278 Çankaya Ankara

Phone: +90 312 410 18 55

Fax: +90 312 419 0075

Email: r.mis@seznam.cz

Reporting

Reporting Period: Implementation Phase

Reporting Date: December 2017

Project Title

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT FOR STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND URBANIZATION IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) FIELD

Activity 1.2.3

GUIDE ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MEASURES TO BE TAKEN – Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, Golf Facilities

Prepared by and Checked by

Prepared by: Orkun Gümüştekin, Arzu Gümüştekin

Checked by: Radim Misiacek

This publication has been prepared with the financial support of the European Union. Its content is the sole responsibility of Niras IC Sp. z o.o. and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the Directorate General for EU Investments and the European Union.

Contents

  • I. Foreword
  • II. Abbreviations and Terms
  • III. Non-Technical Summary
  • IV. Introduction
  • V. Definition of Projects in the (Sub) Sector
  • VI. Position within the EIA Regulation
  • VII. Relevant Legislation
    • VII.1. National Legislation
    • VII.2. International Conventions (to which Turkey is a party)
    • VII.3. European Union Directives
  • VIII. Alternatives
    • VIII.1. Introduction
    • VIII.2. Site Selection Alternatives
    • VIII.3. Alternative Designs
    • VIII.4. Alternative Processes
    • VIII.5. Description of Selected Alternatives
  • IX. Impacts and Measures to be Taken
    • IX.1. Land Preparation and Construction Phase
      • IX.1.1. Soil and Geology
      • IX.1.2. Noise and Vibration
      • IX.1.3. Air Pollution
      • IX.1.4. General Socio-Economic Effects Including Public Health Effects
      • IX.1.5. Effects on Surface and Groundwater
      • IX.1.6. Effects on Plants and Animals, Ecosystems, Landscape and Protected Areas
      • IX.1.7. Waste
    • IX.2. Operation Phase
      • IX.2.1. Soil and Geology
      • IX.2.2. Noise and Vibration
      • IX.2.3. Air Pollution
      • IX.2.4. General Socio-Economic Effects Including Public Health Effects
      • IX.2.5. Effects on Surface and Groundwater
      • IX.2.6. Effects on Plants and Animals, Ecosystems, Landscape and Protected Areas
      • IX.2.7. Waste
    • IX.3. Possible Effects and Measures to be Taken After Operation Closure
      • IX.3.1. Soil and Geology
      • IX.3.2. Noise and Vibration
      • IX.3.3. Air Pollution
      • IX.3.4. General Socio-Economic Effects Including Public Health Effects
      • IX.3.5. Effects on Surface and Groundwater
      • IX.3.6. Effects on Plants and Animals, Ecosystems, Landscape and Protected Areas
      • IX.3.7. Waste
    • IX.4. Relevant Impact Calculation Methods
    • IX.5. Raw Material and Resource Use
  • X. International Best Practices, Innovative Measures and Technologies
  • XI. Monitoring
  • XII. Contact Information
  • XIII. Points to Consider in Implementation

Foreword

The Ministry of Environment and Urbanization is the authorized body to implement the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulation published in the Official Gazette dated 25 November 2014 and numbered 29186, and has delegated part of its duties for projects listed under Annex II of the Regulation to the Provincial Directorates of Environment and Urbanization. The Ministry has previously prepared guidelines for certain sectors to determine the environmental impacts of projects and the necessary measures to reduce these impacts. Within the scope of the Technical Assistance Project for Strengthening the Capacity of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in the EIA Field, guidelines for all sectors listed in the EIA Regulation have been updated by domestic and foreign technical experts.

Within the scope of the aforementioned project, a total of 42 guidelines have been prepared for the following main sectors;

  • Waste and Chemicals
  • Agriculture and Food
  • Industry
  • Petroleum and Metallic Minerals
  • Aggregate and Natural Stone
  • Tourism and Housing
  • Transportation and Coastal
  • Energy

The general purpose of these guidelines is to provide information to relevant parties involved in the review of environmental impact assessment studies or the preparation of EIA Reports and/or Project Introduction Files about the environmental impacts and necessary measures arising from projects such as Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities throughout the land preparation, construction, operation, and closure phases.

This guideline is not a legally binding document and is only advisory.

Abbreviations and Terms

  • EU: European Union
  • ADM: Emergency Response
  • ADMS: Advanced Dispersion Modelling System
  • EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment
  • DMRB: Design Manual for Roads and Bridges Screening Method
  • FRAME: Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange
  • OHS: Occupational Health and Safety
  • MWt: Megawatt-thermal
  • PM: Particulate Matter
  • TAP: Portable Battery Producers and Importers Association
  • MOTAT: Mobile Waste Tracking System
  • ETIS: European Tourism Indicator System
  • SKKY: Water Pollution Control Regulation
  • UATF: National Waste Transport Form

Non-Technical Summary

The first step in reducing the environmental impacts of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities is appropriate site selection. Facilities located in tourism areas designated in higher and lower scale plans, sited at sufficient distance from sensitive areas such as schools and hospitals, are likely to cause less environmental impact.

The main goal in the design of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities is to conduct an environmentally sensitive project from start to finish during construction and operation phases. For this purpose, the environmental and social characteristics of the region where the facility will be located should be considered.

During the design phase of the facility; the type, size, and capacity of the facility(ies), site and site plan, erosion control and drainage plans, size of construction and impact area, site access, emissions from construction and operation, wastewater and other wastes, auxiliary facilities and services, local infrastructure and workforce, closure and restoration plans of the operation, and local or international tourist areas should be taken into account.

The site plan of the project and sensitive areas around the project site should be mapped. During the design phase, resource and infrastructure usage capacities should also be determined and evaluated by comparing with the existing capacity of the site and the current environmental status. Monitoring and modeling studies should be conducted for possible impacts and it should be continuously observed that regulatory limit values are not exceeded.

Introduction

Subject of the Guide

This technical review guide has been prepared to address the environmental impacts and mitigation measures to minimize/prevent the impacts caused by projects of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities.

This guide is open for use by all relevant parties involved in the EIA process to improve and standardize EIA activities. Additionally, the main target group of these guides includes personnel of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, representatives of the Provincial Directorates of Environment and Urbanization involved in the EIA procedure, members of the Review and Evaluation Commission selected for each specific project, project owners, and consultants actively participating in the preparation of relevant documents according to the Regulation.

The guide evaluates the environmental impacts of projects of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities in three phases: construction, operation, and after the operation has ceased.

Each guide includes the following sections:

  • Definition of projects in the sub-sector
  • Position within the EIA Regulation
  • Relevant National and EU Legislation
  • Project Alternatives
  • Environmental Impacts and Measures to be Taken

Definition of Projects in the (Sub) Sector

Within the scope of this guide, sub-sectors listed in Annex-I and Annex-II of the EIA Regulation (Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities) are defined below.

Projects of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities are projects whose design criteria are determined by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Turkey is a country with high tourism potential as it hosts many natural and cultural features together. Therefore, it attracts a large number of tourists every year. Tourism in Turkey is mostly concentrated near archaeological and historical sites on the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts and in mountainous regions where winter sports can be practiced. In addition, tourism projects are also located in city centers.

Tourism projects include operations of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities. This guide focuses on the environmental impacts related to the construction and operation activities of Tourism Accommodation Facilities, Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas, Themed Parks, Ski Resorts, Permanent Race and Test Tracks for Cars and Motorcycles, and Golf Facilities.

Definition of the (Sub) Sector

Tourism facilities and enterprises are defined under the “Regulation on Certification and Qualifications of Tourism Facilities” as follows.

  • Tourism enterprise: Commercial enterprises operated by Turkish or foreign real or legal persons, individually or jointly, operating in tourism facilities.
  • Tourism facility: Facilities within the scope of tourism investment or where tourism enterprise activities are conducted, including their details and complementary elements.
  • Hotel: Hotels are facilities whose primary function is to meet customers' accommodation needs and may also include auxiliary and complementary units for food and beverage, sports, and entertainment needs.
  • Holiday Village: Holiday villages are facilities consisting of buildings with a maximum of three floors on all facades, located in natural beauties, providing comfortable accommodation along with various sports, entertainment, and sales services in a widespread settlement pattern, with at least eighty rooms.
  • Tourism Complex: Facilities that include a congress and exhibition center and additionally golf facilities, entertainment centers, themed parks, thermal facilities, apart hotels, marinas accommodating at least one hundred yachts, and at least three healthy living facilities, or facilities with at least five hundred bed capacity as accommodation facilities such as five-star hotels or five-star holiday villages, also including congress and exhibition centers or entertainment centers.
  • Permanent Camp and Caravan Areas: Facilities established along highways and nearby areas, in places with natural beauty such as seas, lakes, and mountains, generally consisting of at least ten units where customers meet their overnight stay, food and beverage, rest, entertainment, and sports needs by their own means.
  • Themed Park: Themed parks include future world, science, science-fiction, history, culture, preservation of plant and animal species in their natural habitats, safari parks or film studios providing participation and live viewing opportunities for customers, traditional...